Many a word, and not many of them flattering, have been used to describe Kim Kardashian. Jonathan Van Meter in the authorized biography, Citizen Kim: The Woman Who Created the Future, chooses “multipotentialite”. First coined during a 2015 TED Talk, it refers to just the type of person: one “with untapped competencies lurking within,” often from “an unconventional background,” who would go from being a “19-year-old sales girl with a high school education” – as Kardashian was described in divorce filings for her first marriage to Damon Thomas – to an omnipresent business mogul. Now 46 years old, as Van Meter writes, “she has become a single mother of four children, a billionaire who flies around in her own plane, and a respected criminal justice reform activist. She has completed six years of studying the law and taken the bar – while simultaneously taking up acting and producing. Oh – and she built SKIMS into the most successful apparel brand in history, currently valued at $5 billion.”

STEPPING UP Thirteen years after she was widely ridiculed as a red-carpet wannabe when she eked out a plus-one spot at the 2013 Costume Institute Gala benefiting the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Kim Kardashian has become an A-list mainstay of the annual event, dubbed the Oscars of Fashion. And even more surprisingly – given revelations recounted in a new biography of the star – in her wake, the entire K-named clan has risen onto the iconic Met staircase, including her momager Kris Jenner, here with Kardashian at the 2026 Gala. | Larry Busacca/Getty Images; Kevin Mazur/MG26/Getty Images for The Met Museum/Vogue

“I thrive in a scandal,” Kardashian tells Van Meter. We know, having seen her ricochet from one to the next, many speculated to be orchestrated own goals in pursuit of the holy grail of fame, starting with her leaked sex tape, which was then “officially” released, even before the 2007 premiere of the soon-to-be-juggernaut, Keeping Up With the Kardashians. The reality show was ostensibly about the family life – there were six kids – of a formerly famous former Olympian married to a former housewife turned Hollywood manager who had been formerly married to O.J.’s trial lawyer bestie. But it was rising star Kim, powered by a sticky strain of notoriety, who eclipsed them all – an early adopter, she played social media like a Stradivarius, essentially instigating rage bait as a genre along the way. Now, almost 20 years after she shape-shifted her way into popular culture, Kardashian has colonized every aspect of it. No more so than in fashion, where she has turned herself into a commodity which, like sex, sells.

Van Meter, a prolific features writer for Vogue, including a 2019 cover profile of Kardashian, is well positioned to recount how she infiltrated the most rarefied circles of style. “I was in meetings at the 4 Times Square offices of Vogue where Anna Wintour’s eyes rolled nearly all the way up into the back of her head at the mere mention of the Kardashians,” he writes. “She refused to let Kim anywhere near the Met Ball.” Also personas non grata at Graydon Carter’s Vanity Fair Oscar Party, the Kardashians, with their attention-seeking materialism, were considered the nadir of taste – and striving Kim, with her lad mag photo shoots, bandage dresses and fake tans, was the avatar of all their vulgarity. 

Enter Kanye West – the Grammy-winning rapper and then-respected fashion force before his anti-Black and anti-Semitic outbursts after a mental health implosion made him a pariah. But in 2012, when he started dating Kardashian, such was his A-list cachet that Wintour wanted him to perform at the 2013 Met Ball gala, and he managed to secure her entrée as his plus-one. West, having already given Kardashian a makeover by purging her closet and repopulating it with high-fashion labels that would have her looking like a fashion editor, enlisted his friend, then-Givenchy designer Ricardo Tisci, to outfit her.

That year’s theme was “Punk: Chaos to Couture,” and the Internet duly melted down when a heavily pregnant Kardashian stepped onto the red carpet in “a skintight Givenchy floral print dress with matching gloves and shoes” – “upholstered like a sofa,” as one critic pointed out. Kardashian cried all the way home as memes poured in, but she had generated “more press hits and social media attention than anyone in the Met Gala’s history.” More crucially, that night at the gala, insider’s insider and Tisci confidant, Carine Roitfeld of CR Fashion Book, asked Kardashian to fly to Paris and be photographed by Karl Lagerfeld for its cover. Resistance was futile. With Kardashian’s first American Vogue cover coming in 2014, she had finally arrived.

CHANNELLING Los Angeles-born Kardashian was always Hollywood adjacent, dating a nephew of Michael Jackson’s in high school and, as a child, living next door to the original provocateur Madonna. In 2023, Kardashian, fittingly at the LACMA Art+Film Gal, sampled Madonna’s 1985 Material Girl video tribute to Marilyn Monroe’s Diamonds Are A Girl’s Best Friend sequence from the 1953 classic Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. This was perhaps Kardashian’s response to the intense backlash she received the previous year for leaning into the 2022 Met Gala theme “In America: An Anthology of Fashion,” by wearing “the naked dress” sketched by Bob Mackie for Hollywood costume designer Jean Louis. The gown had been sewn onto Monroe right before she took to the Madison Square Garden stage to sing Happy Birthday to President John F. Kennedy. Historians and fashion conservationists were outraged that the fragile, sheer illusion beaded garment – which had not been worn since that night in 1962 – was loaned out , while the Internet weighed in on the extreme diet Kardashian underwent to fit the garment and the extreme (alleged) narcissism it took for her to believe she should wear it. Afterward, the only regret Kardashian expressed was her choice of hairstyle. | Phillip Faraone/Getty Images for LACMA; Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy (inset); Dimitrios Kambouris/Getty Images for The Met Museum/Vogue; Bettmann/Getty Images
AURA FARMING They were so much more than tabloid fixtures with picture perfect beauty and messy love lives, so it follows that Kardashian has leaned into the enduring allure of Diana, Princess of Wales, and Elizabeth Taylor, who were also, like her, philanthropic activists who actually affected social change. Kardashian bought the Attallah Cross, a vintage Garrrad amethyst- and diamond-encrusted pendant worn in 1987 by Diana – which Kardashian wore in 2024 to polarizing effect. She interviewed Elizabeth Taylor about her legendary jewellery collection shortly before Taylor’s death in 2011. Since then, Kardashian has purchased or worn several pieces from Taylor’s estate, including a pair of 15-carat diamond pendant chandelier earrings gifted to the actress by her third husband, film producer Mike Todd. Todd died in a private plane crash just a month after attending the 1958 Golden Globes with Taylor, who wore the earrings that night. At the event, the couple were photographed with their friend, actor Eddie Fisher, who in the course of comforting the grief-stricken Taylor, left his wife – America’s Sweetheart, Debbie Reynolds – for her, creating a media blast radius that would do Kardashian proud. ’ | Steve Granitz/FilmMagic; Tim Graham Photo Library via Getty Images; Courtesy of Balenciaga; Archive Photos/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
GAMING FAME “Kim invaded her own privacy, “ Jonathan Van Meter told the Back Row with Amy Odell podcast, describing how his book chronicles how she relentlessly pursued attention early in her career by engaging a “fame strategist” who would tip off Kardashian where A-list celebrities were gathering, ensuring that there were “cameras, paparazzi, everyone, coming out.“ Now one of the most surveilled people on the planet , Kardashian is living the dream. “I was desperate to be famous,” she tells Van Meter. | Jacopo Raule/Getty Images
GOING META Another Met Gala, another meme-churning moment came in 2021 when Kardashian arrived, playing against type, completely shrouded in a black jersey so thick she could not see through it. The theme was “In America: A Lexicon of Fashion,” and the look was then-Balenciaga Creative Director Demna Gvasalias’ take on T-Shirt dressing. But he also used it to comment on Kardashian’s, ahem, over-exposure in the culture. “People would know instantly it was Kim because of her silhouette,” he told Vogue. “They wouldn’t even need to see her face, you know? And I think that’s the whole power of her celebrity, that people wouldn’t need to see her face to know it was her.” There were double takes when Kardashian arrived at a 2025 Paris Fashion Week show wearing a wig styled in Kris Jenner’s trademark haircut. That same year, just ahead of her 70th birthday, Jenner, who Van Meter notes is “ a dominant mother,” had a viral moment of her own via a US$100,000 facelift. | Angela WEISS / AFP via Getty Images; Lyvans Boolaky/Getty Images
PRESSURE TESTING Kardashian’s fashion fairy tale turned into a horror story during the 2016 Paris Fashion Week when she was bound, gagged and robbed at gunpoint in her hotel suite after she had Snapped that her entourage had gone clubbing and she was alone. “Kim’s whole job as a reality star was to push the boundaries of living a private life,” Van Meter writes. The perpetrators had been tracking her previous social media posts flashing her wealth. “This was routine for Kim: millions of dollars worth of bling – like the president’s nuclear football – went wherever she went.” A decade later, the result is layers of 24/7 security and a changed attitude to luxury. “Material things meant everything to me … And I am so much happier that my kids get this mom instead of the materialistic person I used to be.” | Mehdi Taamallah/NurPhoto via Getty Images
HAVING IT ALL Van Meter tells an origin story so weighted toward our heroine’s destiny as an iconic fashion force that it could have been scripted in a Hollywood writers’ room. It turns out, Steven Meisel – “the fashion photographer responsible for countless Vogue editorials, including the iconic 2005 “Hollywood Style” issue of Italian Vogue” – had attempted to scout Kardashian in “her pre-reality show era.” Back then, of course, she embodied the bedazzled Juicy Couture, Starbucks-in-hand L.A. aesthetic that he was translating into high fashion. At the time, he was telling makeup artist Dame Pat McGrath – another IYKYK fashion person – how much he wanted to photograph “this Armenian girl [who] would come into the gym every day, full hair and makeup!” At the time, Kardashian accepted Meisel’s card but never followed up. Meeting him years later, the penny dropped: “‘You’re the guy who asked me for my number in the gym?’ I fully thought he was hitting on me. It was so legit and I had no idea.” Had she allowed herself to be “discovered” by Meisel, that Met Gala imprimatur would have come much earlier and easier. But would she sit so high astride the fashion world today if she hadn’t earned her spot the way she did? As Meisel recognized, Kardashian – like the best models – has an indelible look, but with a chameleon quality that allows her to embody a variety of fashion eras and genres. From funky ’90s street-inspired style in Jean Paul Gaultier to timeless couture elegance in vintage Balenciaga, Kardashian has become a timeless trend in and of herself. | Taylor Hill/FilmMagic; Carl Oscar August Erickson/Conde Nast via Getty Images (inset top left); Pascal Le Segretain/Getty Images; Stephane Cardinale/Sygma via Getty Images
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